Kunezizathu eziningi zokulahleka kokuwohloka, ikakhulukazi kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Umthelela wezinto ezingavuthiwe
Ukuthi usimende osetshenzisiwe kanye ne-ejenti yokumpompa kuyafaniswa futhi kushintshwe kufanele kutholwe ngokuhlolwa kokuvumelana nezimo.Inani eliphelele le-ejenti yokumpompa kufanele linqunywe ngokuhlolwa kokuvumelana nezimo ngezinto zikasimende.Inani lezingxenye ezifaka umoya kanye nezakhi zokuhlehlisa ku-ejenti yokupompa linomthelela omkhulu ekulahlekeni kokuwa kokhonkolo.Uma kunezingxenye eziningi zokufaka umoya kanye nezakhi zokuhlehlisa, ukulahlekelwa kwekhonkrithi kuzohamba kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulahlekelwa kuzoshesha.Ukulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kukakhonkolo olungiselelwe nge-superplasticizer esekwe ku-naphthalene kuyashesha, futhi ukulahlekelwa kuhamba kancane lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi eliphozithivu lingaphansi kuka +5 °C.
Uma i-anhydrite isetshenziswa njengesilungisi sesethingi kusimende, ukulahleka kokuwohloka kukakhonkolo kuzosheshiswa, futhi ingxenye yamandla yokuqala ye-C3A okuqukethwe kusimende kuphezulu.Uma kusetshenziswa usimende wohlobo lwe-“R”, ukucoleka kukasimende kuhle kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sokumisa usimende siyashesha, njll. Kuzokwenza ukuthi ukulahleka kokuwohloka kukakhonkolo kusheshise, futhi isivinini sokulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kokhonkolo sihlobene nekhwalithi kanye inani lezinto ezixubile kusimende.Okuqukethwe kwe-C3A kusimende kufanele kube phakathi kuka-4% kuya ku-6%.Uma okuqukethwe kungaphansi kuka-4%, izingxenye zokungenisa umoya kanye ne-retarder kufanele zincishiswe, ngaphandle kwalokho ukhonkolo ngeke uqine isikhathi eside.Uma okuqukethwe kwe-C3A kungaphezulu kuka-7%, kufanele kukhuliswe.Ingxenye ye-retarder yokungenisa umoya, ngaphandle kwalokho izodala ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha kokuwa kokhonkolo noma isenzakalo esingamanga sokusetha.
Okuqukethwe kodaka nodaka lwezivimbelo ezimahhadlahhadla nezicolile ezisetshenziswa kukhonkolo zidlula izinga, futhi okuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya zezinhlayiya zenaliti enaliti echotshoziwe kudlula izinga, okuzobangela ukulahleka kokuwohloka kukakhonkolo kusheshise.Uma isamba esimahhadla sinezinga eliphezulu lokumuncwa kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi itshe elichotshoziwe elisetshenzisiwe, ngemva kokuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ehlobo, uma selifakwe ku-mixer, lizomunca amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi esifushane. isikhathi, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka kokhonkolo ngokushesha (30min).
2. Ithonya lenqubo yokunyakazisa
Inqubo yokuxuba ukhonkolo iphinde ibe nomthelela ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka kokhonkolo.Imodeli ye-mixer nokusebenza kahle kokuxuba kuhlobene.Ngakho-ke, i-mixer iyadingeka ukuba ilungiswe njalo futhi izinsimbi zokuxuba kufanele zishintshwe njalo.Isikhathi sokuhlanganisa ukhonkolo akufanele sibe ngaphansi kwama-30s.Uma ingaphansi kwama-30s, ukuwohloka kukakhonkolo akuzinzile, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka okushesha kakhulu.
3. Imiphumela yokushisa
Umthelela wezinga lokushisa ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka kukakhonkolo uyakhathaza kakhulu.Ehlobo elishisayo, lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kuka-25°C noma ngaphezu kuka-30°C, ukwehla kokhonkolo kuzosheshiswa ngaphezu kuka-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ku-20°C.Lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka +5 ° C, ukulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kokhonkolo kuzoba kuncane kakhulu noma kungalahleki..Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa nokwakhiwa kokhonkolo olupompowe, qaphela kakhulu ithonya lokushisa komoya ekuweni kokhonkolo.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuzodala ukuthi ukhonkolo ukhuphule izinga lokushisa futhi usheshise ukulahleka kokuwohloka.Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokukhipha ukhonkolo libe phakathi kuka-5 ~ 35 ℃, ngale kwaleli banga lokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezihambisanayo, njengokwengeza amanzi abandayo, amanzi eqhwa, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ukuze aphole futhi ashise amanzi kanye nokushisa kwamanzi. sebenzisa izinga lokushisa lezinto ezingavuthiwe nokunye.
Ngokuvamile kudingekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu likasimende nezinhlanganisela akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-50 °C, futhi izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lamanzi ashisisayo ampontshwa ngokhonkolo ebusika akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-40 °C.Kukhona isimo sokuhlangana okungamanga ku-mixer, futhi kunzima ukuphuma emshinini noma ukuwuhambisa endaweni ukuze ulayishwe.
Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa kwezinto zikasimende ezisetshenziswayo, kuba mubi kakhulu umphumela wokunciphisa amanzi wezingxenye zokunciphisa amanzi ku-ejenti yokupompa ku-plasticization kakhonkolo, futhi ngokushesha ukulahlekelwa kokuwa kokhonkolo.Izinga lokushisa likakhonkolo lilingana nokulahlekelwa ukuwohloka, futhi ukulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kungafinyelela cishe ku-20-30mm lapho ukhonkolo ukhuphuka ngo-5-10℃.
4. Amazinga wamandla
Ukulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kukakhonkolo kuhlobene nebanga lamandla kakhonkolo.Ukulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kukakhonkolo onezinga eliphezulu kuyashesha kunalokho kukakhonkolo wezinga eliphansi, futhi ukulahleka kukakhonkolo wamatshe ochotshoziwe kuyashesha kunokhonkolo wamatshe.Isizathu esikhulu ukuthi sihlobene nenani likasimende ngeyunithi ngayinye.
5. Isimo esibonakalayo
Ukhonkolo ngokwezibalo ulahlekelwa ukwehla ngokushesha kunokushintshashintsha.Esimweni esishukumisayo, ukhonkolo uqhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo, ukuze izingxenye zokunciphisa amanzi e-agent yokupompa zingakwazi ukusabela ngokugcwele nge-samente, okuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwe-cement hydration, ukuze ukulahlekelwa kwe-slump kuncane;esimweni esimile, izingxenye zokunciphisa amanzi zithintana ngokugcwele ne-samente, Inqubo ye-cement hydration iyashesha, ngakho-ke ukulahlekelwa kwe-concrete slump kuyashesha.
6. Imishini yokuthutha
Uma ubude bebanga lokuhamba kanye nesikhathi seloli lokuxuba ukhonkolo, amanzi angena mahhala e-clinker kakhonkolo ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, ukumuncwa kwamanzi kweqoqo nezinye izizathu, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka kokhonkolo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Umgqomo ubuye ubangele ukulahleka kodaka, okubuye kube imbangela ebalulekile yokulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kokhonkolo.
7. Thela isivinini nesikhathi
Enqubweni yokuthululwa kukakhonkolo, isikhathi eside sokuba i-clinker kakhonkolo ifinyelele endaweni yesisele, ukuncipha ngokushesha kwamanzi amahhala ku-clinker kakhonkolo ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuhlanganisiwe nezinye izizathu, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka. ., ikakhulukazi uma ukhonkolo ubonakala ku-conveyor yebhande, indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwendawo kanye nemvelo yangaphandle inkulu, futhi amanzi ahwamuka ngokushesha, okunomthelela omkhulu ekulahlekeni kokuwohloka kokhonkolo.Ngokwesilinganiso sangempela, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya libalelwa ku-25℃, ukuwohloka kwe-clinker kakhonkolo esizeni kungafinyelela ku-4cm phakathi nengxenye yehora.
Isikhathi sokuthulula ukhonkolo sihlukile, okubuye kube yimbangela ebalulekile yokulahlekelwa ukuwohloka kokhonkolo.Umthelela mncane ekuseni nakusihlwa, kanti umthelela uba mkhulu emini nantambama.Izinga lokushisa ekuseni nakusihlwa liphansi, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kuhamba kancane, futhi izinga lokushisa ntambama nantambama liphezulu.Okubi kakhulu uketshezi nokubumbana, kuba nzima nakakhulu ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-01-2022